# Using substructures

 Substructures: allow a collection of elements to be grouped together and all but the retained degrees of freedom eliminated on the basis of linear response within the group; are used in the same manner as any of the standard element types in the Abaqus element library once created as described in Generating substructures; can be used in stress/displacement and in coupled acoustic-structural analyses; have linear response but allow for large translations and large rotations; are particularly useful in cases where identical pieces appear several times in a structure (such as the teeth of a gear) since a single substructure can be used repeatedly; can be translated, rotated with respect to the global system, and reflected in a plane when they are used; are connected to the rest of the model by the retained degrees of freedom at the retained nodes; may contain a set of internal load cases and boundary conditions that can be activated and scaled; can include dynamic effects by including retained eigenmodes; and appear to the rest of the model as a stiffness, optional mass, damping, and a set of scalable load vectors. The following topics are discussed:
 Related Topics Generating substructures In Other Guides *SLOAD *SUBSTRUCTURE PATH *SUBSTRUCTURE PROPERTY *SUBSTRUCTURE DAMPING *SUBSTRUCTURE DAMPING CONTROLS *SUBSTRUCTURE MODAL DAMPING

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