# Axisymmetric solid element library

 This section provides a reference to the axisymmetric solid elements available in Abaqus/Standard and Abaqus/Explicit.
 Related Topics Solid (continuum) elements In Other Guides *SOLID SECTION

ProductsAbaqus/StandardAbaqus/ExplicitAbaqus/CAE

## Conventions

Coordinate 1 is $r$, coordinate 2 is $z$. At $θ=0$ the r-direction corresponds to the global x-direction and the z-direction corresponds to the global y-direction. This is important when data must be given in global directions. Coordinate 1 must be greater than or equal to zero.

Degree of freedom 1 is $ur$, degree of freedom 2 is $uz$. Generalized axisymmetric elements with twist have an additional degree of freedom, 5, corresponding to the twist angle $ϕ$ (in radians).

Abaqus does not automatically apply any boundary conditions to nodes located along the symmetry axis. You must apply radial or symmetry boundary conditions on these nodes if desired.

In certain situations in Abaqus/Standard it may become necessary to apply radial boundary conditions on nodes that are located on the symmetry axis to obtain convergence in nonlinear problems. Therefore, the application of radial boundary conditions on nodes on the symmetry axis is recommended for nonlinear problems.

Point loads and moments, concentrated (nodal) fluxes, electrical currents, and seepage should be given as the value integrated around the circumference (that is, the total value on the ring).