Element geometry

Two types of shell elements are available in Abaqus: conventional shell elements and continuum shell elements. Conventional shell elements discretize a reference surface by defining the element's planar dimensions, its surface normal, and its initial curvature. The nodes of a conventional shell element, however, do not define the shell thickness; the thickness is defined through section properties. Continuum shell elements, on the other hand, resemble three-dimensional solid elements in that they discretize an entire three-dimensional body yet are formulated so that their kinematic and constitutive behavior is similar to conventional shell elements. Continuum shell elements are more accurate in contact modeling than conventional shell elements, since they employ two-sided contact taking into account changes in thickness. For thin shell applications, however, conventional shell elements provide superior performance.

In this guide only conventional shell elements are discussed. Henceforth, we will refer to them simply as “shell elements.” For more information on continuum shell elements, see About shell elements.


In this section:

Shell thickness and section points
Shell normals and shell surfaces
Initial shell curvature
Reference surface offsets